The main power quality problems in the industry can be segmented into two broad categories: steady state and transient state.
Below we will talk about steady state power quality problems and their possible consequences on your operation.
The electrical power factor is a measure of energy efficiency in an alternating current circuit, expressed as the ratio of real power (watts) to apparent power (volt-amperes).
Although not a quality issue per se, a low power factor can significantly increase energy costs. In addition, a poorly designed solution to improve electrical power factor could increase harmonic distortion or cause overvoltage, which could damage electrical equipment.
Harmonic distortion is a phenomenon that occurs when non-linear loads, such as electronic devices with converters or inverters, electric arc furnaces or saturated transformers, introduce harmonic frequencies into the power system.
These harmonic frequencies can have adverse effects on the system, such as overheating of conductors, lines and equipment, burning or damage to control equipment and electronic cards, damage to insulation and general reduction of the efficiency of the power system.
Presence of unwanted high frequency electrical signals in the electrical system. These signals can be generated by a variety of sources, including electronic equipment, electric motors and welding equipment.
High frequency noise can have several negative effects on the electrical system and the equipment connected to it, such as interfering with communication signals, causing errors in energy metering, affecting the stability of control systems and, in some cases, causing damage to equipment sensitive to electrical interference.
Occurs when the voltage levels between phases are not equal, which can cause damage to equipment or decreased performance.
Periodic fluctuations in voltage caused by rapid changes in the magnitude of the load current that can cause damage to human health and the electrical system.
Undervoltage: Reduction of supply voltage with a duration greater than one minute caused by short circuits, start-up of large loads or capacitor bank operation outputs. This phenomenon can cause equipment to shut down or malfunction.
Overvoltage: An increase in supply voltage lasting more than 10 seconds caused by large loads going out of operation or capacitor banks going into operation that can cause damage or overloading of equipment.
Occurs when the frequency of the power supply deviates from the standard level (60Hz) due to a difference between power supply and demand, which can cause equipment malfunction or reduced performance.
At Diram we have active filters and perform power quality studies to optimize your current operation. Contact our consultants to review the needs of your plant and recommend the best option for you.
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